Thus, a Cartesian analysis is implemented to Shantaram in order to expose the dualism emphasised in the subtext of Roberts’ narrative. In this respect, dualism is compared and contrasted with materialism and physicalism with reference to several influential thinkers who contributed to this thought from Greek antiquity to modern philosophy such as Aristotle, Plato, Lucretius, Kant and George Berkeley. As the founder of modern philosophy and dualism, René Descartes’ theories will be applied to the text as opposed to the contrasting philosophy of materialism. This article aims to analyse Roberts’ Shantaram through the binary opposition of dualism and materialism, and specifically from a dualistic perspective. While dualism defends the autonomy of the mind/soul over the body, materialism affirms that all living beings are bound to material laws. evil, but the theme which lies at the core of the narrative is the binary opposition between dualism and materialism. Shantaram deals with a great many themes and issues such as ethics, violence and good vs. The novel, which became a best-seller around the globe is an astounding account of a westerner’s spiritual voyage in the outskirts of India. In 2003, he published the semi-autobiographical novel Shantaram largely based on his experiences in the Indian city of Bombay. Gregory David Roberts is a contemporary Australian author who had been involved in several criminal activities and was therefore convicted to prison sentence earlier in his life.
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